Draft genome analysis of Dietzia sp. 111N12-1, isolated from the South China Sea with bioremediation activity

Abstract Dietzia sp. 111N12-1, isolated from the seawater of South China Sea, shows strong petroleum hydrocarbons degradation activity. Here, we report the draft sequence of approximately 3.7-Mbp genome of this strain. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first genome sequence of Dietzia strain isolated from the sea. The genome sequence may provide fundamental molecular information on elucidating the metabolic pathway of hydrocarbons degradation in this strain.

Development of a real-time SYBR Green PCR assay for the rapid detection of Dermatophilus congolensis

Methods such as real time (RT)-PCR have not been developed for the rapid detection and diagnosis of Dermatophilus (D.) congolensis infection. In the present study, a D. congolensis-specific SYBR Green RT-PCR assay was evaluated. The detection limit of the RT-PCR assay was 1 pg of DNA per PCR reaction. No cross-reaction with nucleic acids extracted from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Staphylococcus aureus, or Austwickia chelonae was observed. Finally, the RT-PCR assay was used to evaluate clinical samples collected from naturally infected animals with D. congolensis. The results showed that this assay is a fast and reliable method for diagnosing dermatophilosis.

Micetoma por Actinomadura madurae en el pie: reporte de un caso en Chile / Actinomadura madurae mycetoma of the foot: report of one case

Mycetoma is a chronic infection that affects skin, subcutaneous tissue and bone. Its etiology can be mycotic or bacterial. It affects mainly the lower extremities ofmiddie age men livingin tropical climates. We repon a 44 year-old male ¡ivingin a template zone, consulting for swelling and pain in the left foot, lasting for 10 years. Physical examination showed a swollen left foot with hyperpigmented skin and a few crustedpapules. Radiology showed an extensive bone involvement of the midfoot with several oval and radiolucid images. Magnetic resonance showed son and bone tissue involvement, with múltiple oval and low intensity images in TI and T2. The biopsy was compatible with an unspecific chronic osteomyelitis. A bacterial identification by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing in the biopsy determined the presence of an Actinomadura madurae. Treatment with cotrimoxazol was started).

Abscessos dentários periapicais em leitões com síndrome multissistêmica do definhamento / Dental periapical abscesses in piglets affected by postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome PMWS

Duzentos e oitenta leitões, entre 40 e 70 dias de idade, afetados pela sindrome multissistêmica do definhamento (SMD) foram examinados após eutanásia para pesquisa de lesões dentárias. Pelo menos um abscesso periapical foi observado em 58 leitões (20,7 por cento), dos quais 12 apresentaram abscessos múltiplos. Terceiros incisivos superiores, 3os incisivos inferiores, caninos superiores, caninos inferiores e outros dentes apresentaram respectivamente 22 (31,4 por cento), 16 (22,9 por cento), 4 (5,7 por cento), 23 (32,9 por cento) e 5 (7,1 por cento) abscessos periapicais. A maior prevalência de abscessos observada nos dentes 3os incisivos e caninos inferiores está provavelmente associada com a maior área de corte ou desgaste que sofrem esses dentes. Entre as bactérias isoladas de amostras de 65 abscessos, Streptococcus sp. foi a mais prevalente e esteve presente em 21,48 por cento e 27,7 por cento dos isolados em aerobiose e anaerobiose, respectivamente. Na segunda posição em prevalência estiveram as bactérias corineformes, as quais foram mais freqüentemente isoladas em atmosfera anaeróbica do que aeróbica. Houve preponderância de isolamentos de bactérias Gram-positivas. Não foi possível determinar se as co-infecções bacterianas predispuseram às lesões características de SMD ou foram conseqüentes à imunossupressão causada pela infecção com PCV2.

Swine producers have historically resected needle teeth of newborn pigs to prevent potential injuries to the sow mammary gland and faces of littermates. However, the possible impact of this practice on pig performance has been questioned. As part of a study, 280 PMWS affected piglets, with 40-70 days of age, were examined for the presence of dental lesions immediately after euthanasia. Most pigs were confirmed as PMWS by the detection of typical microscopic lesions and immunohistochemical pattern. At least one periapical abscess was observed in 58 piglets (20.7 percent), of which 12 had multiple abscesses. There were 22 (31.4 percent), 16 (22.9 percent), 4 (5.7 percent), 23 (32.9 percent), and 5 (7.1 percent) abscesses in 3rd upper incisives, 3rd lower incisives, upper canines, lower canines, and other teeth, respectively. The higher prevalence of dental abscesses observed in 3rd incisives and lower canines is probably associated with the wider area of grinding or clipping to which these teeth were subjected. Among bacteria isolated from samples collected from 65 abscesses, Streptococcus sp. was the most prevalent bacteria and was present in 21.48 percent and 27.7 percent of the aerobic and anaerobic isolates, respectively. In the second most frequent group were coryneform microorganisms, which showed higher rate of isolation under anaerobic atmosphere than in aerobic culture. There was preponderance of Gram-positive isolates. It could not be determined whether these bacterial co-infections predisposed pigs to development of PMWS-type lesions or if were subsequent to the PCV2 infection.

Oerskovia turbata and Myroides species: rare isolates from a case of acalculus cholecystitis.

Here we report a case of acalculus cholecystitis, which presented with features of obstructive jaundice of one-week duration. The patient underwent cholecystectomy and bile grew a mixed culture of Oerskovia turbata and Myroides spp. Being a rare isolate, characteristic features of the former are described in this report. The patient recovered without any complication.

Estudio clínico y microbiológico de los micetomas observados en el Hospital de Infecciosas Francisco J. Muñiz en el período 1989-2004 / Clinical and microbiological study of mycetomas at the Muñiz Hospital of Buenos Aires between 1989 and 2004

Se presentan las características clínicas, microbiológicas y los resultados del tratamiento de 76 casos de micetomas observados en el período 1989-2004 en el Hospital Muñiz. Cuarenta y nueve fueron varones y 27 mujeres, con una edad promedio de 43,4 años. La mayor parte de los pacientes adquirió la infección en nuestro país, las provincias más afectadas fueron Santiago del Estero con 31 casos y el Chaco con 11; 8 enfermos procedían del exterior, 6 de Bolivia y 2 de Paraguay. El promedio de evolución de la enfermedad fue de 9,2 años. Las localizaciones más comunes fueron las de los miembros inferiores: pies 63, tobillos 3 y rodillas 2. Se comprobó compromiso óseo en 48 casos y adenomegalias en 5. Fueron identificados los siguientes agentes causales: Madurella grisea 29 casos, Actinomadura madurae 26, Scedosporium apiospermum 5, Nocardia brasiliensis 5, Acremoniun spp. 4 (Acremonium falciforme 2, Acremonium kiliense 1 y Acremonium recifei 1), Madurella mycetomatis 3, Fusarium solani 2, Nocardia asteroides y Streptomyces somaliensis 1 caso cada uno. Los tratamientos más frecuentemente utilizados fueron ketoconazol o itraconazol en los micetomas maduromicósicos y la asociación de cotrimoxazol con ciprofloxacina o amicacina en los micetomas actinomicéticos. La amputación del miembro afectado se realizó en 6 casos, 25 pacientes alcanzaron la remisión clínica completa y 34 presentaron mejorías importantes.

This work presents clinical, microbiological and outcome data collected from 76 patients with mycetomas at the Muñiz Hospital from 1989 to 2004. Forty-nine patients were male and 27 female; the mean age was 43.4 years. The majority of the patients acquired the infection in Argentina: the most affected provinces were Santiago del Estero with 31 cases, and Chaco with 11; 8 cases came from other countries (Bolivia 6 and Paraguay 2). The mean evolution of the disease was 9.2 years. The most frequently observed sites were: feet 63 cases, ankles 3, and knees 2. Forty-eight patients had bone lesions and 5, adenomegalies. The following etiological agents were identified: Madurella grisea 29 cases, Actinomadura madurae 26, Scedosporium apiospermum 5, Nocardia brasiliensis 5, Acremonium spp. 4 (Acremonium falciforme 2, Acremonium kiliense 1, Acremonium recifei 1), Madurella mycetomatis 3, Fusarium solani 2, Nocardia asteroides 1 and Streptomyces somaliensis 1. The main drugs used in the treatments were ketoconazole and itraconazole for maduromycotic mycetomas, and cotrimoxazole associated with ciprofloxacin or amikacin for actinomycetic mycetoma. Six patients had to undergo amputation, 25 cases achieved complete clinical remission and 34 showed remarkable improvement.

Isolation and characterisation of antibiotic producing microorganisms in composted Nigerian soil.

Compost samples obtained from different locations within the premises of the university of Lagos were analysed to determine the presence and types of antibiotic-producing bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes using nutrient agar, potato Dextrose agar and starch casein nitrate agar respectively as culture media. A variety of bacteria were isolated and these included Staphylococcus aureus, B. subtilis, B. pumilis, B. lactesporus, B. megaterium, B. pulvifaciens, B. licheniformis, Streptococus spp., Corynebacterium spp. and E. coli. The fungal isolates encountered were Aspergillus niger, A. flarus, T. viridae, P. chrysogenum, P. pinofylum and Absida spp., while the following actinomycetes were identified: Norcadia spp., Micromonospora spp., Streptomyces scabies, S. reticuli and S. hygroscopicus. When these organisms were screened for antibiosis, the following species were found to be antibiotic producers: B. licheniformis, B. subtilis, Penicillium chrysogenum, Streptomyces reticuli, S. hygroscopicus and Micromonospora spp. The fungus Penicillium chrysogenum had the highest rate of antibiotic production with an inhibitory zone width of 17mm while Trichoderma viridae produced toxins lytic to other fungal hyphae.

Primer aislamiento clínico de Rhodococcus equi en Costa Rica / First isolation clinics of Rhodococcus equi in Costa Rica

Se reporta el primer aislamiento de Rhodococcus equi en nuestro país. Se trata de una niña que después de nacer en el Hospital San Juan de Dios fue trasladada al Servicio de Neonatología del Hospital Nacional de Niños con diagnóstico de neumonía severa. De hemocultivo se aisló un bacilo Gram positivo cuyas características morfológicas y bioquímicas permitieron clasificarlo como Rhodococcus equi. Se comentan detalles de su clasificación, su comportamiento ante los antimicrobianos y la rápida evolución clínica hacia la muerte de la niña. Se hace revisión de literatura

Identificacao e antibiograma de actinomicetos aerobios isolados de amostras biologicas / Identification and antibiogram isolated aerobic actinomycete of biological specimens

Neste trabalho, a partir de amostras biologicas, foram realizados exames bacteriologicos para actinomicetos aerobios e, cepas mantidas em laboratorio, submetidas a processo de reidentificacao. Todos os microrganismos foram submetidos a antibiogramas, pela tecnica de difusao com discos. Cepas de Nocardia tambem o foram por meio da tecnica de diluicao em agar, a fim de se comprovar a existencia de correlacao entre os dois procedimentos. Dependendo da origem da amostra, o exame direto, mostrou-se importante para o diagnostico presuntivo de actinomicose. O meio de agar-sangue, em placas, permitiu o isolamento de microrganismos em estudo, mesmo de especimes extremamente contaminados. Agar Sabouraud dextrose e Lowenstein-Jensen, utilizados sob a forma inclinada, foram eficientes quando o actinomiceto era o unico agente ou ao menos, o predominante. Com base em testes bioquimicos e de suscetibilidade a antimicrobianos, foi possivel identificar 21 cepas, sendo 3 especies de Nocardia e 2 de Actinomadura, assim como foi possivel reclassificar as cepas anteriormente isoladas. Para a maioria dos microrganismos isolados, os diametros de halo de inibicao de amicacina, cefotaxima, gentamicina, sulfadiazina, sulfametoxazol-trimetoprim e tobramicina, forma maiores ou iguais 20mm; os de ampicilina, cloranfenicol e vancomicina nao se formaram ou alcancaram ate 46mm, e os de cefalotina, cefazolina, lincomicina, oxacilina e penicilina, foram iguais a zero. Para os 6 primeiros antimicrobianos, a analise estatistica demonstrou correlacao entre CIMs e diametros de halo de inibicao frente as especies estudadas, mostrando boas perspectivas para futura aplicacao da tecnica de difusao com discos em rotina laboratorial

Studies on the keratinolytic enzymes of thermophilic actinomycetes.1-Production of thermostable keratinase enzyme and identification of keratinolytic thermophilic actinomycetes

One hundred and ninety thermophilic actinomycetes were isolated from different sources. Screening was carried out according to growth temperatures. Obligate thermophilic actinomycetes were picked up and examined according to their keratinolytic activity. Results indicated that five isolates have keratinase activity. The two most active keratinolytic actinomycete isolates C52 and G114 were selected and subjected to complete identification. The cultural, morphological and physiological characteristics of both isolates indicated that they belong to Theinoactinomyces vulgaris and Microbispora thermodiastatica. The effect of nutritional and environmental conditions on the growth and keratinase activity of Th. vulgaris C52 were studied. Data revealed that Th. vulgaris C52 grew better with good yield of keratinase activity by growing it on the modified Kosmatchev medium [50 ml medium/500 ml clinical bottle], in which the nitrogen and the carbon sources of the Kosmatchev medium were replaced with 1.6% [W/V] sterile chicken feather pieces and 1% [W/V] starch, using tap water with an initial pH of 7.5, inoculated with 2% [v/v] of homogenized spore suspension [containing approximately 7.5 x 10 4 spores ml-1] of one day old culture and incubated at 50§C for 4 days under static condition

"In vitro" susceptibility to imipenem of actinobacillus (haemolhilus) actinomycetemcomitans strains isolated in Brazil

O imipenem é um antibiótico beta-lactâmico, carbapênico novo e com amplo espectro antibacteriano. O nível de resistência de cepas orais humanas e näo humanas de A. actinomycetemcomitans, para o imipenem, foi determinado pelo método de diluiçäo de ágar. Todas as 31 cepas testadas apresentaram uma faixa de susceptibilidade "in vitro" de 0.125 para 1 ug/ml. 90//das cepas humanas apresentaram valores das CIMS, duas vezes maiores que aqueles apresentados pelas cepas näo humanas. Este estudo confirma a boa atividade do imipenem, novo antibiótico beta-lactâmico, contra microrganismos penicilina-resistentes

Repeated isolation of chemoautotrophic nocardioform bacteria from fish epizootic ulcerative syndrome.

Nocardioform actinomycetic organisms were present regularly in, and isolated repeatedly from, different varieties of fish affected with epizootic ulcerative syndrome lesions of dermis, muscle, subcutaneous tissues and internal organs. These acid-fast bacilli, resembling human and rat leprosy bacilli, together with other actinomycotic bodies, appeared to explain the characteristic macrophage granuloma observed in such lesions, similar to those of humans. These isolates possessed fundamental similarities to the human isolates of chemoautotrophic nocardioform bacteria reported earlier.

Actinomadura madurae causing mycetomas in Madras.

Two hundred and ten histologically diagnosed cases of mycetoma filed in the Departments of Pathology of four Medical Colleges in Tamil Nadu, India, between 1964-1987 were subjected to detailed histopathological study; Actinomadura madurae, was found in 73 of them. In nine cases of mycetoma pedis, the organism A. madurae has been isolated in pure culture. In one case, the lesions were present in both the feet. The characteristic cream-coloured granules were seen in all. The lesions responded well to a combination of Streptomycin and dapsone.

Artritis de rodilla por Streptomyces Somaliensis: un caso / Arthritis of knee for streptomyces somaliensis: a case

Se presenta un caso de artritis de rodilla por Streptomyces somaliensis, raro agente causal de micetomas, que predomina en el continente africano. Es el segundo caso encontrado en la Argentina, con aislamiento e identificación microbiológica del agente causal y el único donde se demostró compromiso intra-articular

Isolamento de actinomicetales aerobios do genero Nocardia de processos infecciosos dos animais domésticos / Isolation of aerobic actinomicetales genus Nocardia from infections of domestic animals

Descreveu-se o isolamento de Actinomicetales do gênero Nocardia associados a patologia veterinária, principalmente a mastite bovina. Foi isolado um total de 28 amostras; destas, 24 identificadas como Nocardia asteroides, todas provenientes de leite de vaca cocm mastite; as outras 04 amostras classificadas como Nocardia brailiensis foram isoladas de "swab" vaginal de suino, muco traqueal de bovino da raça Holsteinfriesian P. O. com comprometimento pulmonar e as outras duas do leite de vacas com mastite